• Fòmasyon a rèzèv pétwòl é gaz natirèl anba latè

    http://t3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSZ-Plzt6Fa7uRExCND92Y-oADkgVBK04kyDh5bypEY7-_g1aRh9Q

    Adan fondè a latè, pétwòl é gaz métàn ka fèt owa matyè òganik a plant oben a zannimo mò. Pou sa fèt, sa ka mandé milyon é milyon lanné é bon kondisyon fizik, chimik é jéogwafik.

    Ola moun ka touvé rézèv a pétwòl é gaz?

    Pétwòl é gaz fèt èvè molékil ki yomenm fèt èvè atòm idwojèn é kawbòn. Yo ka kriyé yo idwokarbur.

    Lè yo ka èspozé-y adan lè lib-la, sé molékil-la ka kontré èvè òksijèn-la é apré ka fè baktéri aréwobi (ti-bèt ka viv koté ola ou ka touvé lè) manjé yo. Tousa ka bay diféran réyasyon chimik : òksijèn-la ka òksidé sé idwokarbur-la, sé baktéri-la ka manjé é dijéré yo. Sé idwokarbur-lasa ka mofwazé-yo an dlo é an dyòksid dè kawbòn.

    Kifè, moun pé pa touvé rézèv a pétwòl é gaz natirèl anlè tè-la menm padavwa tini atmòsfè-la. Si on moun bizwen jwenn èvè pétwòl é gaz natirèl, fò'y désann an fenfon a latè.

    Moun pé touvé rézèv a pétwòl é gaz nenpòt ki fondè anba latè?

    Awa pas si ou pasé 10 kilomèt fondè, ou pé ké touvé idwokarbur. Chalè-la ki ka touvé-y la ka kyouyé yo. On chalè ki pé monté an mwayenn a 3 dègré chak 100 mèt.

    Ola pétwòl-la é gaz-la ka sòti?

    Idwokarbur-la ka parèt parapòt a mofwazaj a matyè òganik a plant oben a zannimo mò. On mofwazaj ki pati dèpi dizèn milyon lanné.

    data:image/jpg;base64,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

    Lè on bèt ka mò anlè tè-la, matyè-la ki adan-y la ka rèsiklé-y an dé jan :

    . prédatè, charogna oben baktéri ka manjé-y

    . lè'y èspozé adan lè lib-la, matyè ka rété la ka òksidé-y : atòm idwojèn é kawbòn-la ki andidan a-y, ka sanblé-yo èvè atòm òksijèn-la ki adan lè-la. E sé kon sa matyè òganik-la ka mofwazé-y an dlo (H2O) é an gaz kawbonik (CO2) pou ba plant manjé.

    Mé on piti mòso a matyè òganik-lasa, apépré 0,1%, pa ka rantré adan mofwazaj-lasa. Rivyè ka chayé-y é ka mété-y an fon a lanmè-la. On koté ola pa ni onlo òksijèn , on koté osi ola kouran a lanmè-la pa ka vougaré-y twòp. I ka vin mélé-y èvè dòt matyè ki yo minéral (ti-krazi awjil oben sab fin fin) é osi plankton (ti-bèt é ti-zèb ki toupiti toupiti). Èvè aksyon a baktéri anaréwobi (toupiti bèt ki pa bizwen lè pou yo viv) ka manjé-y, migannaj-lasa ka mofwazé-y adan labou nwè ka santi mové.

    Tan ka pasé, sé labou-lasa ka monté yonn asi lòt é ka vin rèd. Si yo ni omwen 1 a 2% matyè òganik, yo pé rivé mofwazé-yo adan on wòch-potomitan. On wòch-potomitan ki ké bay pétwòl é gaz natirèl. on piti chif mé fò zò sav koté-lasa bizwen bon kondisyon.

    . On tan a chalè pou fè plis plankton monté an lanmè-la.

    . Fò'y toupré rivyè ka chayé onlo pach a pyébwa.

    . Fò pa ni pon montangn toupré-y pou'y pa tini twòp sédiman minéral asi wòch-la.

    Mé si wòch-potomitan-la ka touvé-y asi menm nivo ki karé-sòl a oséyan-la, pé pa ni pétwòl.

    Piti a piti, wòch-potomitan-la ka rantré adan po a latè parapòt a sédiman ka pozé anlè-y. I pé rivé désann 8 000 mèt anba latè é bay sa yo ka kriyé on kivèt a sédiman. On kivèt a sédiman, sé on koté ola sédiman ka pozé yonn asi lòt dèpi milyon é milyon lanné.

    Lè'y ka rantré fon anba tè-la, wòch-potomitan-la ka pwan on pakèt chalè. Pannan sitan, matyè òganik-la ki adan-y la, ka touvé-y krazé èvè pwa a sédiman ka monté. I ka bay on présyon ki ka monté a 25 baw pou chak 100 mèt. Kifè, on kilomèt anba tè, ja ka fè 50°C pou on présyon a 250 baw!

    Adan kondisyon fizik kon sa, matyè òganik-la ka évoliyé piti a piti :

    . Sé atòm kawbòn é idwojèn-la ka wou-òganizé-yo é ka lyanné-yo èvè òksijèn ka rété ankò an wòch-la.

    . Sé atòm azòt, souf é fòsfò-la plis dòt biten ka fè plant é zannimo viv, ka disparèt.

    Kifè apré, matyè òganik-la ka mofwazé-y an kéwojèn. Kéwojèn-la ni adan-y, dlo, CO2, kawbòn é idwojèn. On kéwojèn ki ké bay apré pétwòl oben gaz natirèl.

    A 2 200 mèt fondè, lè chalè-la ka touché 100°C, kéwojèn-la ka komansé mofwazé-y an idwokarbur.

    . Antrè 2 200 mèt é 3 800 mèt, kéwojèn-la ka vini pétwòl. Sé adan fondè-lasa, yo ka  kriyé sa, finèt a luil.

    . Lè wòch-potomitan-la ka kontinyé désann antrè 3 800 mèt é 5 000 mèt, luil-la ka vin dlo, ka vin pli léjè é ka bay on gaz. Fondè-lasa ka kriyé-y finèt a gaz.

    http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRJQIZXG5s4emqRKNmWuTHIGB7MaaX14b0lf-tCjKSWcwY5sTVSy_lKJYrJ

    Lè on tan sèryé pasé, wòch-potomitan-la pa ka bay ayen ankò.

    . Si adan wòch-potomitan-la, tini plito krazi òganik a zannimo, sa ké bay pétwòl.

    . Si tini plito krazi òganik a plant é pyébwa, wòch-potomitan-la ké bay gaz natirèl.

    Pou on sédimantasyon pé rivé jwenn 50 mèt pou chak milyon lanné, fò bizwen 60 milyon lanné pou zannimo mò mofwazé-yo an pétwòl adan on fondè a 3 000 mèt. Sé pou sa yo ka di, pétwòl-la sé on lénèji ki pé pa woufè-y limenm.

    Chouk a kamo-la : http://www.planete-energies.com/fr/les-sources-d-energie/le-petrole... An éséyé mofwazé ba zòt an gwadloupéyen padavwa toujou chonjé anlè blòg-lasa nou ka voyé lang a manman nou monté!


  • Commentaires

    1
    nubia
    Vendredi 16 Septembre 2011 à 20:35

    Mesi skaka pou kamo aw, en té vlé di "research" en kreyol gwadloupéyen mè en pa sav maké. Mesi on pil

    2
    NègARY...LKPis
    Samedi 17 Septembre 2011 à 09:00

    La pwofésè SHAKA ka èspliké an lang a manman nou, tout pitit Gwadloup ka konprann myé ! adan kréyòl annou lang fondal a patriyòt é moun opéyi, nou ka rantré an nannan a sijé'la é tout biten ka vin klè é nèt !!!  zòt pa konprann ?...kon di Janklòd ! 

    3
    SHAKA (Gwakafwika) Profil de SHAKA (Gwakafwika)
    Samedi 17 Septembre 2011 à 14:58

    Kanmarad Nubia é Ary mèsi onlo pou fòs-la. An éséyé mété-y adan lang a péyi-la mé an ka di zòt pou mété-y an gwadloupéyen, sa pa fasil. Si an pa té ni on diksyonnè owa an-mwen, sa té ké pli rèd ankò. Sa vré, moun pé di sa yo vlé mé kréyòl a pa fwansé!

    An ka èspéré gwadloupéyen é dòt nasyon kréyòl konpwann jan pétwòl é gaz natirèl ka parèt. Péyi Gwadloup tini tout kondisyon pou pétwòl oben gaz natirèl parèt anba a-y. Sé gwo miltinasyonal-la ja konpwann sa dèpi lontan! Gouvèlman fwansé ja konpwann li osi! Sé enki sé bann bwabwa-la ki poko konpwann ayen piskè yo dèyè élèksyon a fwansé!

    4
    zNaZpJWFbja
    Vendredi 7 Octobre 2011 à 06:59
    I was so confused about what to buy, but this makes it undersatdnable.
    • Nom / Pseudo :

      E-mail (facultatif) :

      Site Web (facultatif) :

      Commentaire :


    Suivre le flux RSS des commentaires


    Ajouter un commentaire

    Nom / Pseudo :

    E-mail (facultatif) :

    Site Web (facultatif) :

    Commentaire :